What does data integrity ensure about information?

• A. It is accessible to everyone
• B. It has not been changed or lost without authorization
• C. It is encrypted at all times
• D. It is stored in a single location

Answer: (B)

Data integrity is a fundamental concept in information security that ensures the accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data over its lifecycle. When considering what data integrity ensures about information, the focus is on whether the data has remained unchanged or has not been lost without proper authorization.

The correct answer emphasizes that data integrity guarantees the preservation of the original form of data, so any unauthorized alterations or losses can be detected. This assurance is crucial in various domains, including databases, data transmission, and data storage, where maintaining the authenticity of the information is paramount.

In contrast to other options, data integrity does not refer to accessibility, encryption, or storage location. While accessibility ensures that data can be reached by users, it does not guarantee its authenticity. Encryption provides confidentiality but does not inherently address whether data remains unaltered. Storing data in a single location might simplify management but does not affect the integrity of the information itself. Thus, the guarantee of unchanged and authorized data correctly captures the essence of data integrity.